alky

alky的音标为[ˈæki]，意思是由氧和卤素（如氯和氟）所取代的许多有机元素的氢化物。

速记技巧：可以记为“alky是卤族元素的氢卤酸族” 。

Alky的英文词源可以追溯到希腊语词alkyos，意为“strong”（强烈的）。

变化形式：alky-（阳性）-alkaline（碱性的）、alkyd（油性涂料）、alkyene（烷烃）、alkaloid（生物碱）等。

相关单词：

- alkali：碱；碱金属；碱土金属：这些金属在水中溶解时会产生强烈的碱性，因此得名。

- alkaline：碱性的；碱性的物质：这些物质在化学反应中可以中和酸，因此得名。

- alkane：烷烃；碳氢化合物：这些化合物在化学结构上具有连续的碳氢链，因此得名。

- alkene：烯烃；烯类化合物：这些化合物在化学结构上具有双键，因此得名。

- alkaloid：生物碱；含氮的有机化合物：这些化合物在植物中广泛存在，具有特殊的生物活性，因此得名。

以上这些单词都与alky有着密切的联系，并且它们的含义和性质都与碱的性质有关。这些单词在化学、生物学和医学等领域都有广泛的应用。

常用短语：

1. alkali metal（碱金属）

2. alkali-earth metal（碱土金属）

3. react with…（与…反应）

4. undergo oxidation（发生氧化反应）

5. undergo reduction（发生还原反应）

6. undergo hydrolysis（发生水解反应）

7. undergo polymerization（发生聚合反应）

双语例句：

1. The alkali metal reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions.（碱金属与水反应产生氢气和氢氧化物离子。）

2. The alkali-earth metal is difficult to ignite because it burns slowly and with a low flame.（碱土金属很难点燃，因为它燃烧缓慢，火焰低。）

3. The polymer was formed through the alkali metal undergoing polymerization.（该聚合物是通过碱金属发生聚合反应形成的。）

4. The alkali metal undergoes oxidation in air, losing an electron and becoming more positive.（碱金属在空气中发生氧化反应，失去电子而变得更正电。）

5. The alkali-earth metal reacts with oxygen to form oxide compounds.（碱土金属与氧反应形成氧化物化合物。）

6. The alkali metal is highly reactive and should be handled with care.（碱金属具有高度反应性，应小心处理。）

7. The alkali-earth metal is a soft, silvery metal that is highly reactive with water and oxygen.（碱土金属是一种柔软、银白色的金属，与水和氧的反应非常剧烈。）

英文小作文：

Alkali and Alkali-Earth Metals: An Introduction

Alkali metals and alkali-earth metals are two types of metals that are unique in their chemical properties. These elements have a strong tendency to react with other substances, making them valuable in various applications, such as in batteries and in the production of chemicals.

Alkali metals, such as lithium, sodium, and potassium, are highly reactive and tend to lose an electron, becoming more positive. This property makes them useful in batteries, where they provide the necessary electrical current. They also tend to undergo oxidation in air, losing an electron and becoming more positive. This property makes them highly reactive and requires special handling.

On the other hand, alkali-earth metals, such as magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, are less reactive than alkali metals and tend to gain electrons, becoming more negative. This property makes them useful in various chemical reactions and in the production of certain compounds. However, they are still highly reactive with water and oxygen and require special handling to prevent oxidation and corrosion.

These unique properties make alkali and alkali-earth metals essential elements in many scientific and industrial processes. Understanding their chemical behavior is crucial for effective use of these elements and for ensuring their safe handling and storage.