alkyl

alkyl的音标是["ælkɪl]；基本翻译是“烷基”。记忆技巧是：alk（阿尔克）+ yl（伊）→阿尔克伊→烷基。

英文词源：

- alkyl：源于拉丁语“alkalis”，意为“碱性的”。

变化形式：

- 复数形式：alkyls

- 过去式：alkylated

- 过去分词：alkylated

相关单词：

- alkylation：烷基化反应，有机化学中烷基的加成反应。

- acyl：酰基，有机化学中羧酸失去羟基后留下的基团。

- methane：甲烷，最简单的烷烃。

- ethane：乙烷，含有两个碳原子的烷烃。

- propylene：丙烯，含有三个碳原子的烯烃。

- butylene：丁二烯，含有四个碳原子的二烯烃。

- hexane：己烷，含有六个碳原子的烷烃，常用于清洁油污的表面。

- octane：辛烷，含有八个碳原子的烷烃，是汽油的主要成分之一。

- polyalkylene：聚烷基乙烯，一种合成塑料。

- alkylate：烷基化产物，有机化学中烷基与其它化合物发生反应后的产物。

常用短语：

1. alkyl chloride

2. alkyl ether

3. alkyl halide

4. alkyl sulfate

5. alkylamine

6. alkyl acetate

7. alkyl benzene

双语例句：

1. Alkyl chloride is used in organic synthesis. (烷氯化合用于有机合成)

2. The ether was prepared from alkyl ether and alcohol. (醚由烷醚和醇制备)

3. Alkyl halide is a kind of chemical material used in industry. (烷氯化物是工业上使用的一种化学材料)

4. Alkyl sulfate is a kind of surfactant widely used in industry and daily life. (烷硫酸盐是一种广泛应用于工业和日常生活的一种表面活性剂)

5. Alkylamine is a kind of chemical material used in the manufacture of rubber and plastic. (烷胺是一种用于制造橡胶和塑料的化学材料)

6. Alkyl acetate is a kind of food additive. (烷醋酸酯是一种食品添加剂)

7. Alkyl benzene is a kind of chemical material used in the manufacture of rubber and plastic, paint and other industries. (烷苯是用于制造橡胶、塑料、涂料等行业的化学材料)

英文小作文：

Alkyls are a group of organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded together. They are commonly found in natural products such as fats and oils, and are also used in various industrial applications, including the manufacture of polymers, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals.

In addition to their chemical properties, alkyls also have a wide range of physical properties that can vary depending on the type of alkyl involved, such as its length, branching, and saturation degree. These properties can have significant impacts on their uses and applications, making alkyls an essential part of modern society.