在所有选择项中如果出现一个不太符合常识的选项，相比之下，其他几项却基本符合我们自身的背景知识，并且可合理地作为问题的答案，我们可以大胆猜测这个看似比较牵强的选项是答案。2020年全国新东方在线英语考研辅导试题及答案。
Text 1
It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.
Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?
As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.
But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype..that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.
On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rigitfully so.
But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy neds.Yes,a bachelor’s degree opens more doors.But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.
In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.
Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation’s diversiy of gifts.
1.A brokan bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of______.
A.mechanical memorization
B.academic training
C.practical ability
D.pioneering spirit
2.There existsthe prejudice that vocational education is for kids who______.
A.are financially disadvantaged
B.are not academically successful
C.have a stereotyped mind
D.have no career motivation
3.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates______.
A.are entitled to more “ducational privileges
B.are reluctant to work in manufacturing
C.used to have more job opportunities
D.used to have big financial concerns
4.The headlong push into bacheloi’s degrees for all_____.
A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs
B.may narrow the gap in working-class jobs
C.is expected to yield a better-trained workforce
D.indicates the overvaluing of higher education
5.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as_____.
A.supportive
B.disappointed
C.tolerant
D.cautious
1. 【答案】C practical ability
【解析】这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么时候这种观点变得可接受了呢?学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏了的自行车链束手无策”。从作者使用问句的形式就可判断出作者并不接受这种观点，即学生只学会书本上的知识而不具备实际能力。再结合上一句话即本段第二句话，Mr Koziatek是New Hampshire高中的一名老师，在这所学校，学习不只是书本上的知识，或者是为了考试，也不是为了机械化的记忆，而是为了实际的技能。能看出，作者认为学生们缺少的是实际技能，所以答案是C practical ability.
2. 【答案】 B are not academically successful
【解析】这是一道具体细节题，根据题干关键词职业教育对孩子存在的偏见可定位至第四段最后一句，意思是“在很多职业化教育的学校中，有这样一种老套的思想，那就是，职业教育是针对那些在学术上不能成功的那些孩子的。”根据这句话可确定答案就是B are not academically successful 。其他选项均不符合文意。
3.【答案】C used to have more job opportunities
【解析】这是一道细节推断题，根据题干第五段和high school graduates 回到原文定位致第五段第三句，说到美国经济曾经提供给高中毕业生的那种the job security已经在很大程度上evaporated也就是消失了，那说明过去的时候高中毕业生是有职业安全感的，故选C，其他选项都不在定位处，可以排除。
4.【答案】D indicate the overvaluing of higher education
【解析】这是一道事实细节题，根据题干内容“the headlong push”找到出处是第六段开头But后，发现后面还有一个and...和其并列，所以主要关注对这两部分的评价，后面有明显的标点：冒号出现，冒号后说that is not the only thing the American economy needs. 可以看出这句话对前面的否定，选项中只有D选项动词overvalue是负面词，而且提到主题词education。故选D。这道题最适合用感情色彩来排除与D相反的其他三个选项。
5.【答案】A supportive
【解析】这是一道态度题，放在最末的态度题更倾向于到最后一段找答案。通过定位词Koziatek’s school 看到最后一段也确实提到了，说它是一个wake-up call。也就是在唤醒人们教育不应该是统一的形式，这样会overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts，也就是忽视人才的差异性。所以可以看出作者是支持的态度。
Text 2
The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing —Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’ friendships and social lives.
Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops ft owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.
Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them. The users of their services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them — and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.
The product they’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce whe
6.According to Paragraph1，Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its 。
A.digialproducts
B.userinformation
C.physical assets
D.quality service
7.Linking phone numbers to Faccbook identities may
A.worsen political disputes
B.mess up customer records
C.pose a risk to Facebook users
D.mislead the European commission
8.According to the author，competition law
A.should serve the new market powers
B.may worsen the economic imbalancens
C.should not provide just one legal solution
D.cannot keep pace with the changing market
9.Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook nsers
Because
A.they are no defined as customers
B.they are not financially reliable
C.these rvices aregenerally digital
D.the services are paid for by advertisers
10.The ants analogy is used to llustrate
A.a win-win business model between digital giants
B.a typical competition pattem among digital giants
C.the benefits provided for digital giants' customers
D.the relationship between digital giants and their users
6. 【答案】 [B]user information
【解析】细节题。根据题干信息定位到第一段第二句。该句提到两年前Facebook花了更多的钱获得了WhatsApp的信息服务。接着提到WhatsApp提供给Facebook的是关于其用户的朋友圈以及社会生活等具体精炼的信息。由此可知，B项为正确答案。
7. 【答案】[C]pose a risk to Facebook users
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词linking the phone number定位第二段第一句。该句提到Facebook向欧洲委员会承诺不会把用户的电话号与Facebook的身份认证连系到一起，但是协议通过之后Facebook立马失信。接下来提到“甚至都不清楚信息里面都有什么，也不知谁发的消息，发送的目的又是什么”。因此，可能会给用户造成风险。因此C项符合文意。
8. 【答案】[D]cannot keep pace with the changing market
【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词competition law 定位到第三段第一句。该句指出“竞争法似乎成为解决这些不平等权力的唯一办法，但是此法案太过笨拙”。下一句提到“一方面，相比于数据经济变化的速度，此法案发展是非常缓慢的”。由此可知，该法案跟不上当前市场变化的步伐。因此D项为正确答案。
9. 【答案】[D]the services are paid for by advertisers.
【解析】根据题目中的because 可确定为因果细节题。题干中的信息出现在第三段后半部分，是题目中的原词 competition law as presently interpreted，而原因在其后面的句子。下文写到，the users of their services are not，读到这里的not，一定要找而是谁。继续读下一句，That would be the people who buy advertising from them…，与选项对应，可得出[D]the services are paid for by advertisers。
10. 【答案】[D]the relationship between digital giants and their users.
【解析】根据题目中is used to illustrate可判断为例证题，要找到the ants analogy论据所证明的论点;论点在论据之前，因此先找到论据the ants analogy，再找到论据前的论点句。所以本题定位到最后一段的第一句，The product …is data，and we…convert our lives to data…。此句中，data即digital giants，we 即 users。因此答案为[D]the relationship between digital giants and their users.
2020年全国新东方在线英语
考研辅导试题及答案。考研文章中所有题干的细节题、例证题都是为了说明文章主旨、段落主旨，所以考的题目是主旨题时，可以通过其他题干反复出现的关键词来确定文章主旨，最终猜出答案。
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